Introduction
Linux is an old favorite of software developers across the world. It is open-source, stable, and flexible, which makes it the perfect environment for programming, building, and running programs. In contrast to legacy operating systems, which are preloaded and come with software and configuration restrictions, Linux offers a free-wheeling ecosystem where developers can configure the environment exactly how they want.
But there are so many different Linux distros (or “distros”) that you can use; how do you decide which one to use for development in 2024? They can be anything from easy-to-learn to highly customizable, feature-rich to legacy, and simple to nifty. These instructions will educate you on the main points to consider when picking a Linux distro and highlight the best linux distro for software development.
The Reasons Why Software Developers Use Linux When Writing Code?
A developer often prefers the Linux platform for a variety of good reasons:
- Open-Source Nature
Linux is open source, which simply means anyone can view, modify, and release the source code of it. This openness encourages a developer community that can contribute to improving the OS and allows each developer to create a system based on his or her personal preference. This flexibility of adapting the OS to your specific application is unparalleled in terms of power over your development system.
- Stability and performance
Linux is a very stable and powerful hardware platform. Compared to other operating systems, which can become slow or require complex systems, Linux is lightweight, lightweight, and efficient, thus making it ideal for development. Designers can select distros aimed at performance so that they run smoothly on fewer machines.
- A Large Number of Tools and Package Managers Available
Linux also provides a variety of development tools and package managers. Whether you have to install compilers, interpreters, libraries, or version control such as Git, Linux makes it super easy to set up your environment quickly. Package managers, like apt (Debian-based distros), yum or dnf (Red Hat-based distros), and Pacman (Arch-based distros) make installing and updating easier.
- Configuration and Management
Software engineers love being able to adjust their settings to fit their tasks, whether it’s the desktop layout, light window managers, or advanced themes. Linux distros can be high-gloss DEs (GNOME or KDE) or simple minimalist distros where one only needs to install what one wants.
- Integrity in Development Environments
Linux is compatible with many languages (Python, C++, Java, Ruby, Go) and works well with development environments such as Docker, Node.js, and Kubernetes. Also, you can get text-editing and IDE power on Linux through tools such as Vim, Emacs, and Visual Studio Code.
Things to Keep in Mind When Selecting a Linux Distro to Develop With
You have to consider your working style, your preferences, and the kind of software you are developing while picking out a Linux distro. Below are the most important considerations:
- Software Availability and Package Managers.
Each distro uses a different package manager, which can affect the ease of installing and updating applications. In Debian (like Ubuntu), for example, there is an apt that offers quick access to an extensive library of programs, while Arch Linux comes with Pacman, which can install the latest packages in no time.
- Usability and Community Involvement
If you’re new to Linux or just looking for a simple install, look for a distro that offers easy installation and good community support. A distro forum, wiki, or community is great for questions or support.
- Hardware compatibility and performance
Different distros support certain hardware more than others. If you’re running an older system or a relatively thin laptop, pick a lightweight, lightweight distro focusing on background operations and disk space. Distributions suited to high performance and compatibility (i.e., GPU drivers) are ideal for developers interested in modern hardware or game development.
- Customization and User Interface
Whether you are looking for a sleek modern desktop environment like GNOME or KDE, or a lightweight Windows manager like i3, your distro will determine how you develop. Choose a distro that best suits your design and work style.
- Release Model
Distros are either on a static or rolling release approach. Linux distros with a fixed release, like Ubuntu or Debian, provide LTS versions for stability and frequent patches. Rolling release distributions such as Arch Linux provide frequent updates, allowing you to keep up-to-date with the latest software and features while sometimes introducing stability problems.
- Safety and Privacy
For security-focused developers, some distros are heavily focused on enhanced security settings and privacy controls. Look for distros with regular security updates, encryption tools, and secure coding.
Top Linux Distros for Software Development in 2024
Let’s look at some of the most used Linux distros for developers and what they offer in terms of advantages, scenarios, and uniqueness.
- Ubuntu
Overview:
Ubuntu is one of the most popular Linux distros. It’s a Debian-based distro with easy-to-use, massive software repositories and a strong community.
Why It’s Healthy for the Brain:
Ubuntu is excellent for all developers, beginners, and experts alike. Its LTS releases offer a secure platform with up to five security updates. You can install development tools, languages, and frameworks through its easy-to-use apt package manager.
Use Cases:
Perfect for Web development, data science, general-purpose programming, and mobile app development (Ubuntu Touch). Ubuntu’s documentation and community support are also excellent for novices.
Pros & Cons:
The advantages are:
- Quick installation and use.
- A high level of community involvement.
- A rich library of pre-built packages.
Cons: The default install is somewhat “bloated” if you’re a minimalist; Unity UI is more resource-intensive.
- Fedora
Overview:
Fedora is an ultramodern distro supported by Red Hat, which implements the latest in Linux components and programs. It focuses on user experience and being at the cutting edge of open source.
How To Use It In Development:
Fedora is perfect for developers who prefer interacting with the latest tools and technologies. It provides fast deployment of development environments, container support (such as Docker and Podman), and cloud-based applications.
Use Cases:
A must-have for developers who want to be up to speed with development and develop enterprise or cloud applications. Also, Fedora works well for developers who want a GNOME-based, clean desktop experience.
Pros & Cons:
Advantages: Latest software packages, attention to Wayland and other current technologies, lightning speed.
Cons: A shorter support lifecycle (usually 13 months) can make updating more difficult, and fewer pre-installed apps.
- Debian
Overview:
Debian is one of the oldest and most stable Linux distributions. It’s also the basis for most other distros, such as Ubuntu. Debian has been widely recognized as a stable and reliable source of development environments.
Good for the Soul:
Due to its strong emphasis on stability and predictability, Debian is the perfect choice for developers who value a stable operating system. It ships with a huge package base and a strong package manager (apt).
Use Cases:
Debian is the choice for server-side developers, back-end developers, and developers who require an extremely stable platform. It is also a good option if you are deploying on servers or developing something with a long-term backlog.
Pros & Cons:
Advantages: Unshakeable reliability, package libraries of gigantic size, supported software versions.
Cons: It is not often updated compared to rolling distros, and it can be difficult to install and configure for new users initially.
- Arch Linux
Overview:
Arch Linux is a low-level and highly customizable rollout distro. Arch (in contrast to most distros) does not require users to create their system from scratch, giving them the greatest amount of freedom over the layout of the OS.
Which is Developmental:
Arch is most popular among experienced developers who want total freedom in their development environment. With its rolling release model, you can access all new packages and programs directly from the site without waiting for a new version.
Use Cases:
This is ideal for advanced developers who are fluent in Linux, like to be in total control of their system, and would like access to the latest software. Great for those who like tinkering around with their environment and want to always have the latest software.
Pros & Cons:
Advantages: Flexible, AUR access to the Arch User Repository for hundreds of thousands of applications, rolling release keeps up to date.
Pros: High learning curve for beginners, manual configuration, needs constant upkeep to maintain system state.
- Pop!_OS
Overview:
Pop!_OS is a Ubuntu-based Linux distribution developed by System76. It’s built for powerful power users and developers who need an elegant and robust GNOME desktop experience with extra productivity tools.
The Developmental Advantage:
Pop!_OS already provides built-in GPU acceleration, ideal for AI/ML developers, gamers, or heavy graphics developers. It also comes pre-installed with a tiling window manager for multitasking and workflow automation.
Use Cases:
This one is ideal for developers who need GPU, AI/ML, gamers, and anyone seeking a sleek, high-tech development environment.
Pros & Cons:
Pros: Performance-minded, smooth GPU performance, developer-friendly.
Pros: Heavy usage on older hardware, lighter than other distros.
- Manjaro Linux
Overview:
Manjaro is a lightweight Linux distribution based on Arch Linux. It’s meant to have everything Arch has (rolled release, flexibility) but is much simpler to install and use.
The Pros of Having It:
With Manjaro, you can easily get Arch’s massive software catalog, a more friendly installation process, and stability. It is suited to developers who want the latest software but don’t want the hassle of Arch’s manual installation.
Use Cases:
Great for front-end or mobile, developers that are rolling releases, and developers looking for something equally flexible and usable.
Pros & Cons:
The advantages are random rollout, access to the AUR, and built-in desktop environments for fast installation.
Pros: Continuous releases might occasionally result in minor stability issues, especially with high-end packages.
- CentOS Stream
Overview:
CentOS Stream is the rollout preview of the next major version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). It offers a scalable, stable, and repeatable platform oriented toward enterprises.
How Good for Your Brain:
CentOS Stream is the perfect solution for developers who need a consistent server development environment, high-end applications, and close to production-quality environment that adheres to Red Hat’s requirements.
Use Cases:
Great for server-side development, back-end code, database, and other tasks that want a sturdy production-level environment.
Pros & Cons:
Pros: Business grade stability, long support life, Red Hat support.
Cons: There are fewer software updates than other distros, mostly older packages.
Distros for Specific Development Applications: Custom Distros For Your Particular Development Tasks.
- Kali Linux
Overview:
Kali Linux is a security distro designed for penetration testers, cyber security specialists, and ethical hackers. It ships with all sorts of security apps and tools installed.
– For The Betterment Of The Self:
Kali is an excellent choice if your code is about cybersecurity, vulnerability analysis, or network analysis. It offers everything you need to test, debug, and encrypt your software applications.
Use Cases:
Moral Hacking, Cybersecurity, penetration testing, Web Applications Securing.
- Raspberry Pi OS:
Overview:
Raspberry Pi OS (raspbian) is a Debian distro for Raspberry Pi devices. It’s light and tailored to the requirements of embedded systems and hardware development.
What It Does for Learning:
If you are building hardware, robotics, or IoT products, Raspberry Pi OS offers a simple and fast development and testing environment on Raspberry Pi boards.
Use Cases:
The ideal platform for hardware development, prototyping, hacking embedded devices, and IoT.
Final Analysis: Which Distro to Select for Your Development in 2024?
The Linux distro you use to develop your software will depend on your preference, the software you’re developing, and your development context. Here are a few tips to consider when making your decision:
Know What You’re Looking For: Are you focusing on stability, cutting-edge software, or functionality? Figure out what matters most to you first.
Check Your Workflow: Think about your languages, frameworks, and development environments and look for a distro that can easily integrate them.
Hardware Compatibility: Ensure the distro is optimized for your hardware, laptop, desktop, or embedded system.
Probe and Experiment: Test live USB or virtual machines to give different distros a go before deciding. This way, you can select the distro that best fits your needs and requirements.
Final Thoughts
No Linux distro is a one-size-fits-all; each offers benefits and different workarounds. Ubuntu’s agile approach to Linux and Arch Linux’s lean customization, the best Linux distro for developing software, is the one that best fits your taste, development requirements, and experience with Linux. In 2024, experiment and explore the diverse set of Linux distros until you get the right tool to improve your software development workflow – good code!
References
Check this out for a better understanding:
Best Linux Distro for Programming: Top 6 Ranked [2024]
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